Lymphedema is a condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system, and can lead to irreversible tissue changes. The pathophysiology of lymphedema is poorly understood. Current treatment options include compression therapy, manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), resection, liposuction, and lymphatic microsurgery, but determining the optimal treatment approach for each patient remains challenging. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphologic and histopathologic tissue alterations by ultrasound, lymphography and flow cytometry. It was conducted in 26 women with gyneacological cancer.