Low back pain is considered one of the leading causes of functional limitation and work restriction throughout the world. Research has indicated that a subset of patients (~50%) do no improve within the first 12 weeks of treatment and therefore become re-classified as “chronic”.  Current literature supports the use of both education/ advice as well as conventional physiotherapy (manual therapy and exercise). However, no reviews to date have directly compared the two treatment modalities. With this in mind, the authors carried out a current systematic review, and found that there were mixed results in favor of exercise versus advice. Two studies showed favorable results of exercises versus advice, one study was in favor of advice versus exercise and one showed no difference.